Which system involves grouping people into 100 and identifying those responsible for protection?

The Tithing System is a historical method of organizing groups of individuals for purposes of community protection and law enforcement. It divides the population into groups of ten families, known as "tithings." Each tithing is responsible for its members and chooses one individual to act as a leader or representative, known as the tithingman. The tithingman is accountable for the behavior of the group and for ensuring that justice is served, which included summoning individuals to court when necessary.

This system is significant because it laid the groundwork for community-led policing, emphasizing accountability among neighbors and fostering a sense of responsibility towards collective safety. By assigning specific individuals the duty of overseeing smaller groups, it allowed for easier management of local issues and created a framework for early law enforcement.

In contrast, the other options represent different systems or concepts that do not specifically align with the structure of grouping individuals into tens for purposes of policing and protection.