In terms of property crime, which of the following is not included?

Robbery is not included as a property crime because it involves the use of force or intimidation to take property from another person, which classifies it as a violent crime rather than a property crime. Property crimes typically focus on the unlawful taking or destruction of someone’s property without direct confrontation or violence against a person.

Burglary, petty theft, and fraud all involve scenarios where an individual's property is unlawfully taken or manipulated without direct confrontation. Burglary refers to entering a structure with the intent to commit a crime, typically theft. Petty theft involves the unlawful taking of someone else's property, usually a minor value. Fraud encompasses deceitful practices to secure an unfair or unlawful gain, which still revolves around the manipulation of property rights. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for categorizing crimes correctly within the context of law enforcement and criminal justice.